Women empowerment Essay Example for Free

Women empowerment Essay Since the older times, women have been treated as second rate citizens of all across the globe. The situation is almost the same everywhere-irrespective of the developed country or the developing country-caste, community, colour or creed a position which is comparable in many ways, with that of racial minorities. Women have been relegated to secondary position despite the fact that they numerically constitute about half the world population today. This situation has caused immense loss to their self-dignity as human beings and also their independent entities, associated with men, apart from other matter, in context with intellectual and professional capability. In the very beginning of civilization, women enjoyed a respectable position in society-at par with men. They actively participated in social, religious affairs as well as in warfare. The social, religious ceremonies were considered incomplete unless women participated in them. However, it was their physical constitution which acted as hurdles on the way to doing their various different difficult tasks. Gradually, they became dependent on men for food, protection for their other necessities. It was due to the strong built-up of men they risked their lives in course of hunting and food collection. It is really ironical that superiority is not accorded to the fair sex who are responsible for carrying forward lives on this planet but to men who have muscle power with the help of which they can subjugate others. Later, woman became the epitome of procreation, and was very often associated and identified with Earth, which supported lives with all her resources. This thought inspired in men a feeling of respect and regard which was reflected in their worship of women as goddesses. Despite this elevated position that she enjoyed, and are still enjoying in the form of being worshipped as goddesses Durga, Kali, Lakshami, Saraswati, etc. However, a woman is fated to be subjected, owned, and exploited like the very nature, whose magical fertility she embodies. During the course of social development, the position of women also changed. When society was formed, patriarchy was establ ished. Gradually, males became dominant in society. They were to write the codes for all times and obviously women were given a subordinate position. A prominent feature of hegemonic ideologies is the projection of the dominant viewpoint as universally true. Patriarchy, as an ideological assumption, works on the same principle. And, yet, even in ages of strict dominance by males, society has thrown up women of calibre,  who could match, even surpass, the skills of men. They made great progress in various fields of life and gained significant achievements as teachers, doctors, engineers, scientists, explorers, soldiers and pilots. This achievement is really plausible because they have been achieved in a highly adverse situation and at the cost of severe social criticism, indeed even ostracism. The need for women’s empowerment arises from the subordinate position they have been accorded for a long time. The empowerment has been felt as a tool to bring about changes in their socio-economic condition. It has been felt on the part of nation as well as individual that no society can progress till women, a major constituent of society, lag behind. Empowerment of women needs to begin with her participation in different spheres of life. Education is a great determinant in this regard. To achieve empowerment women have to be educated to be aware of their rights and privileges in a modern society. It is education which can bring about awareness in them related to their social status, injustice and differentiation meted out to them. Besides, economic independence is a major factor which can contribute in empowering women. India in the very beginning realised this need. The architect of Indian Constitution was of the opinion that unless and until women are empowered, nothing was going to bring about any change in their destiny. At that time, the women, in the name of sansakaras were tied up with the bondage of superstitions, which they had to carry till the last breath of their lives. They were considered just a matter of joy and a source of amusement. She was, according the Hindu Shashtra, the bonded slave of her father when she was young, to her husband when she was middle-aged and to her son when a mother. Of course, all the epigrams, aphorisms, proverbs, platitudes and truism have been naked truth about the stature of women in India. It does not mean that efforts have not been made to bring dignity in the life of women. There has been a long tradition of social reforms by our saints and social reformers which include: Raja Rammohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Mahadev Govind Ranade, and Jyotiba Phule, to name a few, who tried their best to bring changes in the life of women. Their efforts, however, bore fruit to some extent, but did not make too much difference to the lots of the masses. In this direction, Dr. Ambedkar tried to break down the barriers in the way of advancement of women in India. He laid down the foundation of concrete and  sincere efforts by codifying the Common Civil Code for the Hindus and the principle is capable of extension to other sections of the Indian society. Besides, he also made provision in the Constitution to ensure a dignified social status to women. He, by codifying Hindu Law in respect of marriage, divorce and succession rationalised and restored the dignity of women. In addition to this, the Sharda Act is also worth mentioning. It has set the seal of authority upon the piece of social reforms, which the heads of orthodoxy were imposing and impending. The Hindu Code Bill, which covers issues such as right to property, order of succession to property, maintenance, marriage, divorce, adoption, minority and guardianship, constitutes part of social engineering via law. Needless to say, it was a revolutionary measure. It was really a first step towards the recognition and empowerment of women in India. This gives a woman right to property, which undoubtedly strengthens her social position. Despite all these political measures, women’s empowerment remains a distant dream in India. In fact, political empowerment is a key to develop ment in this society. It is a must for an all- around development of women. It is the need of the hour to ensure her participation in the decision-making at home, in community and at the national level. It is for the fulfillment of this need that the Women’s Reservation Bill was introduced in the Parliament by the BJP Government. But since then, ruling parties changed in power but the Bill could not see the light of the day. The political parties do not seem to be honest in their perspectives. But before political empowerment, we must concentrate on imparting social education because without academic and social education, the political empowerment has failed to bring desired result as we have seen in case of 33 per cent reservation in local bodies ensured by the historic 73rd and 74th constitutional amendments. The uneducated women are quite unaware of their rights and privileges and are therefore subject to exploitation at the hands of government machinery, as well by family members. Therefore, our efforts should be directed towards the all- around development of each and every section of Indian women, not confining the benefit to a particular section of women in society, by giving them their due share. It is a must to protect their chastity, modesty and dignity and ensure their dignified position in society. Without removing social stigma, enduring progress and development could not be achieved. For this, the governmental and non-governmental organisations including media should come forward and play an active role in creating awareness in society. The task is not too difficult to achieve. The honesty and sincerity on the part of those involved is a must. If the lots of women change, definitely it will have a positive impact on society. Hence, the women’s empowerment is the need of the hour.

The Rise and Fall of the Eugnics Movement Essay -- A Historical Analys

Introduction According to Merriam-Webster.com, eugenics is defined as â€Å"the theory dealing with the production or treatment of a fine, healthy race.† Despite this seemingly innocent representation, eugenics is an extremely controversial science. Some even debate whether or not it is worthy of the label of science, or if it’s just a form of intellectual racism. Nevertheless, eugenics was greatly embraced and was behind a scientific and social revolution during the late 19th century through the Second World War. This essay will explore the topic of eugenics which has disappeared from today’s science textbooks. This includes a thorough history of the origin of eugenics, the people behind its movement, as well as its application in society. Sir Francis Galton Sir Francis Galton first coined the term ‘eugenics’ in 1883. Under his definition, eugenics was the â€Å"study of agencies under social control that may improve or impair the racial qualities of future generations, either physically or mentally.† (Newman, 441) Galton was born in 1822 into a rich English family. From an early age he was put under incredible pressure to follow in the footsteps of Erasmus Darwin, Galton’s medically famed great-uncle. However, this pressure had little impact as he transferred from King’s College Medical School to Cambridge University due to an intense dislike of the study of medicine. At Cambridge he attempted to receive an honors degree in mathematics until during his third year he suffered a nervous breakdown. After taking a semester off, he returned and eventually received his degree although it was not an honors degree but rather a pass-degree. Once again Galton attempted the study of medicine, but with the death of his father in 1844 he f... ...rbor Laboratories which Charles Davenport helped start. This web site contains a massive archive of all of the information ever tabulated by the laboratory, including pictures, essays, and an overall picture of the American eugenic movement. If you’re looking for great web information on eugenics start your research here. You’ll be able to spend days looking through their archives. [4] http://www.rethnkingschools.org/Archives/13_03/eugenic.htm This article was written to review the aspects of eugenics in light of recent public support for standardized testing and IQ testing. The article does a good job of presenting the material in a way that the reader can understand how the eugenics movement came about. Unfortunately, this site only deals with the aspects behind eugenics in the United States. But what information it does present is very accurate and insightful.

Discrimination lawsuit. Why jury decision making emotional damages Essay

Discrimination lawsuit Introduction Presenting evidence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In court proceedings, evidence is presented as either oral or written depending on the choice of the witness. In addition, the means of giving evidence may be determined by the court or the jury in charge under various considerations. Both oral and written evidence have the same purpose and can be used as the basis of court ruling (Edwards et al., 2011). In this situation where as a human resource I will be required to provide evidence of a discrimination lawsuit, the written method of evidence presentation will be the most appropriate to answer the questions from the Jury.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The method of written presentation will allow adequate time to prepare and present my part of evidence and with adequate in formations. Since the presentation of evidence requires information detailing the truth about the matter and the organizations position on the case and the policy that were under consideration, the written evidence would help me to consult with other legal experts and answer questions accordingly. Oral evidence would prevent consultations that might result in inaccurate evidence that will be used to give unfair rulings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, written evidence will save a lot of time that could have been used to present the oral presentation in the court. In addition, any inconveniences would such as absenteeism in work place and productivity of the firm will be avoided (Edwards et al., 2011). Hence, written evidence will ensure that the operations of the business are not affected in any way. Moreover, it will reduce the cost incurred during the lawsuit proceedings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Finally, written evidence presents a proof that the information communicated is true and cannot be changes. This ensures that the evidence is not compromised since is always read and presented to court as the original copy of evidence. This is in contrast to oral presentation where evidence may be changed where one may be questioned more than once hence compromising the evidence, which may affect the reliability of the evidence. Jury decision making emotional damages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Jury would rely on information from psychiatrists and medical experts who would evaluate the damages that the plaintiff suffered as a result of discriminations. This would involve psychological and mental problems that may have arose because of the discrimination (Edwards et al., 2011). Stress would be one of the conditions that may be evaluated and whether there were medical complications that resulted from the discriminatory acts. In addition, the information about the pain suffered because of discrimination would be evaluated on medical basis. These sufferings could then be compared with any financial implications suffered.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition, information regarding how the working and the productivity of the plaintiff was affected could be used to determine the level of the effects of emotional damages and thus form the basis of monetary compensation. For example, if in any case the discrimination resulted in decreased productivity of the plaintiff, which reduced the financial income of the income would form the basis of monetary compensation decision. Moreover, it could be evaluated based on how the act affected his or her defendant day-to-day life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Similar during the proceedings, the defence presents their argument on the amount of monetary compensation that should be awarded to the plaintiff (Edwards et al., 2011). Jury determine the compensatory amount that should be paid to the plaintiff depending on the information provided by the defence team. When the court uses this information as the basis of their compensatory decision, the court act in favour of the plaintiff and it may end up awarding huge sums of money, which may be unfair to the respondent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Finally, the jury would use their freedom that is granted by the section of the law to determine the damage caused to the plaintiff and use the evidence presented to award monetary compensation. The decision could either be based on similar cases that were ruled in the past of depending on the reasoning of the bench. Reference Edwards, L., Edwards, J. S., & Wells, P. (2011). Tort Law. Cengage Learning. Source document

Report †Evaluation of two Visitor Information Centres - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2286 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Introduction Mostly, people visiting a new place may be as normal visitors of even tourists may need assistance on the best way to go especially in their general interactions with people of that country. They may also need guidance on the hotels to visit, the best places to book for accommodations and also different maps to different destinations according to the schedules during the visit. Visitor information centers, therefore, serve as the best access points for these important details so as to give clear guidance to the visitors and ensure that they meet their visit targets, (Gross, Brown, 2006). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Report – Evaluation of two Visitor Information Centres" essay for you Create order This evaluation, therefore, targets on evaluating the services offered in two visitor information centers and to reveal the difference in the way they offer services to the people visiting them for such guidelines. The two visitor information centers to be evaluated therefore are; The Adelaide Visitor Information Centre and the McLaren Vale and Fleurieu Visitor Information Centre. This evaluation will be meant to compare the services offered at the two visitor information centers and their convenience to the visiting tourists. Therefore the type of services offered and the level at which the two centers operate will be majorly the guiding factors towards achieving the desired goal of the evaluation. To begin with, in the Adelaide visitor information center, assistance was offered to the local visitors, interstate, and people visiting from the overseas and whereby this information center is packaged with people with a lot of knowledge serving in both the offices and also in providing services such the tour guidelines. These staffs give the visitors directions, maps as well as event guide or even help them to plan for their journeys so as to make their best out of their time in the place. Since getting into a better position to know a city or even a new place can take time even when one has been equipped with the best research and planning, one may find the need to seek for guidance or even extra help on the same from a knowledgeable and a well-informed person and which probably should be a local from that place (Fesenmaier, 1994). This is majorly the reason why Adelaide visitor information center has worked tirelessly to ensure the effectiveness of their services to the visitors in need of any information concerning the country and the possible areas of visitation. On the other hand, McLaren Vale and Fleurieu Visitor information center reveals its effectiveness through providing a better starting point for one to begin their exploration of the international region. This information center is fully accredited for this business as it provides excellence in the field of visitor servicing and they have very friendly volunteer staff which has given its full commitment and attention to ensuring that visitors coming to their country through the McLaren Vale information center are comfortable and make their best out of the trip. They, therefore, provide reliable accommodation services to the visiting tourists, information, and advice as well (Gross, Brown, 2006). They also help their visitors and help them view the ever varying exhibitions and displays or have an access to their gift shops which is packaged with a wide variety of the local produce. The effectiveness of this cafe is also revealed by the fact that its located in the center which therefo re creates a great opportunity to have a test on the feeling of visiting some of these regions. The friendly and knowledgeable staff have a very good local understanding and therefore help one in finding fun things for the moments spent there to be great and memorable. They also have gardens where kids can play as one keeps a close eye on their movements. From a customers perspective, these two sites may differ in a way as they have different levels of services offered. The products provided as well may bring their difference to a greater extent. On the basis of these considerations of the services offered between the two and making their comparisons, the customers settle at a particular on which site to visit for the information. Their effectiveness as well may count and the type of staff employed to take care of the visitors needs during their trips. Therefore, in the case of the Adelaide information center, they offer a free guided walk by their knowledgeable staff around the place. This is normally referred to as the first steps and therefore serve as an introduction to the visitors so as to have a knowledge of the city before they proceed to their sites of interest (Fesenmaier, 1994). During these introduction steps in the free walk, the guiding staff highlight several important aspects of the city such as the major attraction si tes, public means of transport around and where to access them, also, the current events in different attraction sites so as to enable the visitor to make informed decisions on the best places to visit. There is also a variety of free computers for the visitors to use and where they can even book most of the services online including their accommodation and may be travel documents, something which is a great privilege on the customers perspective and may, therefore, motivate them towards frequently visiting this specific information center. On the contrary, the McLaren Vale and Fleurieu Visitor information center provide their services to prove their effectiveness towards the customers needs in their own way and give the visitors a better starting point to their exploration in the city and the attraction sites. They have also ensured a friendly and knowledgeable staff which provides up to date information and the prevailing trends in the various attraction sites. Additionally, they have an added advantage at their customers disposal whereby they offer accommodation and booking services for their customers holiday meetings and refreshment needs, with ever changing and updated art exhibitions as well as displays stocked with a variety of local products (Tripp and Great house, 1995). Moreover, in the case whereby the visitors have kids, there is a provision of safe gardens where they can play within the reach of the parents so as to keep an eye on them as they enjoy themselves at the same time. Their cafes menu offer a var iety and a reliable good choice of meals for their visitors at any time. Therefore, according to the opinions of the customers who have ever visited these sites, the experience is such a wonderful one as the place has been accredited with being a wealth of information and more so extra services which favor the interests of their customers in so many ways. These centers, therefore, are turning to be more beneficial and making the issue of tourism easy hence reducing chances and risks of visitors getting stranded or may be losing their target in their exploration moments. The customers in the city of Adelaide can take a time to be fully comprehended. Its only the knowledgeable locals who are in a position to give aid to any person who wants more information about the prestigious Adelaide center. Despite the peoples planning and though research, it can be noted that the customers in Adelaide Center are both tourist based and partly based because the center is multi-purposeful and the locals have to benefit too just like the visitors. The tourists who get the opportunity of visiting the place have the opportunity to enjoy the many attractions and landmarks in the scenery (Australia, 2017). The tourists also are able to tour through the neighborhood of Glenelg because the place richly matches the needs of any curious tourist. The visitors who normally visit the scenery mainly can use different means of transport including air, bus or train. When the visitors use the air transport, they can reach the airport which is only 7kilometres from the town and only 15minutes when using an express bus. Buses from the Adelaide central bus station have their operation from 6 to 9 pm. This normally occurs for the buses that service the interstate areas and regional destinations. For those who prefer using the train means, they normally book their tickets through the great southern rail. The presence of classic eclectic restaurants and well stocked vibrant cafes which are accompanied by a great series of a scene of events make the place brilliant to visit. The visitors who manage to come to the place have a variety of things to do depending on their style of choice and priority. Another great thing about the Analeide scenery is its nature of accessibility. This actually attracts many as it increases the convenience of being in the place. Visitors always have fun in plenty as they enjoy themselves in the place since they can eat, drink and step into the real fun. This makes the Centre provide the visitors with an excellent range of tourisms enjoyment (Davis, 2017). Its notable from reliable sources that Adelaides is managed by a group of volunteers who are ever ready to assist you with assistance ranging from brochures, directions, maps, journey planning and even maps that can help you as a tourist to make use of most of your time in the scenery.in addition, there is free push hire and wheelchair available for any interested individual. A 30-45minutes walk of orientation is also available when you venture in Alenaide. This walk serves as an introduction to take one around several places in the scenery and as it highlights many visitors to the city and at the same time introducing many visitors to the city. The public-sector and current events are also highlighted in the awesome orientation walk (Moreton-Robinson, 2017). A range of tourism information which is excellent is provided in Adelaide and South Australia. The staff who manage the visitor information center also offer t free introduction to the points of interest which are key in Adelaide. The staff of Adelaide is voluntary mainly because they are interested in helping people and also because of there a lot of benefits at the personal level that comes as a result of volunteering. Also, whenever you make a call at the information Centre, the volunteers are always available to provide any necessary assistance and offer any help when needed. Despite the fact that some people have always been uncomfortable that volunteers benefit from the free work they do, but according to the volunteers motive their main motive is to always serve others selflessly. They dont aim at giving their expertise for an exchange of material gain but for reaching those cant be able to afford (Moreton-Robinson, 2017). The customer experience in Adelaide, however, differs among different tourist since people have different tastes and preferences. In Adelaide tourist and information Centre, there are various avenues of attraction that can accommodate all needs of the visiting people or the tourists. There are the wine capital and the Australian food which have become a point of focus for most visitors due to its exciting nature and the superb climate. There is also the recent emergence of the festivals and night scene in the promising and the gorgeous land. This makes a trip to Adelaide a story to narrate for those aspiring to be there. The Victoria Square in the central Adelaide makes it the most significant landmark in the southern Australia with the several buildings and beautiful courts around the place. There is also improved and customized services for the visitors in Adelaide. Therefore, once the customers arrive at the information Centre, they are able to get warm experience which can help them from the beginning to the end. A management relationship system has been put in place to enable quick identification of customers by easily noting their primary needs and doing a recommendation of what services match their additional profile. This makes the customer service both productive and efficient which in turn makes the customers enjoy better services hence boosting their satisfaction. Well catered for accommodation and also places to stay for those tourists who wants to take a bit longer time in the land are also available. The places for accommodation have serviced apartments, hotels, holiday houses, luxury beds and foodstuffs. The visitor information centers make the place more convenient to visit. One is able to find out more about the tourist center through the tourist maps, brochures, and the friendly and well-trained staff that voluntarily serve the visitors in a very welcoming way (Australia, 2017). Despite all these advantages of having a good experience in the land of Adelaide, there are several things that are recommended to be done to make the services more reliable and efficient.to begin with, the center needs through expansion because it smaller compared to the massive number of tourists who find their way in the scenery. The visitor center is smaller and one can easily miss the place .Also, the number of tour guides for showing the tourists around and other visitors need to be increased so as to boost the service delivery and make the effectiveness of the tourists time in the center be maximized. The customer service too needs to maintain or improve their method of handling visitors .The comments from the tourist are very positive and inspiring and this boosts the image of the Centre (Davis, 2017). The visitors always have a good time and lovely moments with the well-structured group the volunteering personalities. If these issues are considered as recommended by many, Adelaide will maintain its standards of being the major tourist and information center in that part of the world. The experience of the visitors and people who have been there before can always give a testimony of the good times they had in scenery and have many reasons to go back and have a test of what they encountered one more time.